Conference · October 2025

Waqf in India

Rights, Resistance and Reform

Waqf, the Islamic charitable endowment, has sustained mosques, schools, graveyards and community property in South Asia for centuries. The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025 changed how those endowments are governed, and brought the institution to the centre of a national debate over minority rights, constitutional safeguards and the future of Muslim public institutions in India.

The conference took up the Act across four sessions, bringing together legal scholars, historians, policy specialists and advocates. The first day met at Roosevelt University’s Schaumburg campus; the second met online.

Dates
19 and 21 October 2025
Venue
In person and onlineRoosevelt University, Schaumburg Campus (19 October) · online (21 October)
Hosted by
American Islamic College, Chicago, and Aliah University, Kolkata
Organised by
Center on South Asian Studies

Four sessions

The Act read through law, the constitution, the courts and policy.

  1. Session I

    Law and the Politics of Muslim Identity

    How legal language and public debate frame Muslim identity in India, and how waqf connects to the wider pressures on Muslim civic institutions.

  2. Session II

    Constitutional Safeguards and Waqf Governance

    The constitutional protections available to Muslim endowments, and the tension between state regulation and religious autonomy.

  3. Session III

    The Waqf Amendment Act and the Indian Judiciary

    How the courts have shaped waqf governance, and the part they will play in reviewing the 2025 amendment.

  4. Session IV

    Reconceptualising Waqf through Policy

    Paths to reform that let waqf institutions serve their communities while keeping their religious and charitable character.

Recorded talks

Ten talks from the conference, recorded and published by the Center on South Asian Studies.

  • Keynote

    Creation of Waqf in India: Pre- and Post-Independence Perspectives

    M. R. ShamshadSenior Advocate, Supreme Court of India

  • Sacred Spaces, Contested Lands: Waqf Properties and Muslim Anxieties in Post-NRC Assam

    Dr Yasmin SaikiaHardt-Nickachos Chair in Peace Studies, Arizona State University

  • The Rationalisation of Waqf in India

    Dr Hilal AhmedProfessor, Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, New Delhi

  • Between Faith and the State: Colonial Legacies and the Postcolonial Governance of Waqf in India

    Dr Danish Khan

  • Writing Off Muslim Heritage: Waqf, Historiography and Law in South Asia

    Fahad ZuberiResearcher and architect

  • Reassessing Essentiality: Waqf and the Doctrine of Essential Religious Practices

    Nabeela JamilAdvocate, Supreme Court of India

  • Wakf by User: Clearing Complications through Theory and Method

    Dr Saifuddin Patel

  • Online

    Where Do We Stand with Waqf Now?

    Nizamuddin PashaAdvocate, Supreme Court of India

  • Bridging Tradition and Innovation: Sharīʿah and Legal Dimensions of Temporary Waqf in India

    Dr Jawwad AliLecturer, Universiti Utara Malaysia

  • Leveraging Waqf for Foreign Direct Investment: A Policy Framework for Gulf–India Economic Collaboration

    Dr Ahmad GhouriAssociate Professor, University of Sussex

Publication

Manchester Journal of Transnational Islamic Law and Practice

Full papers from the conference are to appear in a special issue of the Manchester Journal of Transnational Islamic Law and Practice, a Scopus-indexed journal, announced for June 2026.

Waqf in India: Rights, Resistance and Reform · ISMII